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03/02/2007: "Crossfire War - Attacks Continue Along India-Myanmar (Burma) Border"

Crossfire War - Attacks Continue Along India-Myanmar (Burma) Border By Willard Payne Daily News Blaze
Night Watch: NAGALAND - Violence against New Delhi in northeast India is continuing as the Press Trust of India (PTI) reports eight persons were killed in a large landmine explosion triggered by Maoists who have been based in the Dantewada district of Chhattisgarh. The explosion took place today in the Metaguda area of the district and killed four security personnel, two special police and the driver and helper of the truck they were traveling in to Errabore from Injeram. Delhi is sending more forces to the area and a combing operation is currently underway. [IRNA]
Attacks against Delhi's authority in northeast India, in and around Assam state, have increased in the past year and even more so since Beijing's Ambassador to Delhi announced in November northeast India, Arunachal Pradesh province, is Chinese territory, the same area China invaded India in 1962. Last week was the largest attack against Indian police units in Manipur province in five years and now this action in Nagaland, which is also on Myanmar's (Burma) border. This is right after Beijing sent one of its South-Southeast Asia experts to Myanmar's new capital Nay Pyi Taw.
The more forces India has to commit along its border with Myanmar the fewer units they will have to face China in Arunachal Pradesh. There are nearly 20 religious-nationalistic separatists groups India's enemies can support just in this region alone on the Myanmar-Bangladesh

Manipur thorn in Naga talks: - NSCN (I-M) general secretary arrives in New Delhi to resume parleys with govt this weekend NISHIT DHOLABHAI
New Delhi, March 1: This weekend, when the Centre sits for talks with the National Socialist Council of Nagalim (Isak-Muivah), it will pat itself for insisting that the parleys be held only after the Manipur elections.
Manipur is vociferously opposed to NSCN (I-M)’s idea of “Naga integration,” which includes the Naga-dominated hills districts of the state. Now that Okram Ibobi Singh is back riding on the slogan of “territorial integrity”, the outfit faces a big challenge. Disappointed by Ibobi Singh’s return to power and under attack from its rival NSCN (Khaplang), the NSCN (I-M) has good reason to feel “pushed to the wall” and the Centre to feel empowered.
When the outfit’s general secretary, Thuingaleng Muivah, came to India in December last year, he was told that talks would be held after the elections in Manipur. So, the outfit’s general secretary Muivah must have arrived in the capital today with the intention of gaining lost ground.
Sources in the outfit said this round of talks will “prepare the ground” for subsequent parleys. So NSCN (I-M) chairman Isak Chishi Swu, will not participate this time. In Amsterdam last year, the discussions had centred around the “sectoral relationship between India and Nagaland”.
The negotiation is stuck on the outfit’s demand for a special federal relationship between “India and Nagalim” where both entities are distinct but inseparable.Delhi has viewed the idea with scepticism but both sides agreed to “study” the Constitution in a new light in an attempt to satisfy the outfit’s demand for a separate constitution.
There is also the outfit’s demand for integration of Naga-inhabited areas of Manipur, Arunachal Pradesh, Assam and Nagaland under a single administrative umbrella. In the last few months, the outfit’s leaders have held several “consultative meetings” in Nagaland’s villages. After talks in Delhi, one more round of meetings will be held, an NSCN (I-M) source said. Michael van Walt van Praag of the Dutch NGO Kreddha is also likely to participate in discussions this time.
Though the Centre is opposed to third party mediation, the outfit insists on this “facilitator.” Suspecting that Muivah will not get a Dutch visa again, the outfit will this time remind the Centre of the “promise it made of safe passage” before embarking on the peace talks 10 years ago.
More Naga policemen killed in Maoist lair R. KRISHNA DAS The Telegraph
Raipur, March 1: Nagaland Armed Police personnel on deputation to Maoist-infested Chhattisgarh today allegedly made another error in judgement, paying for it with eight lives.
Hitchhiking on a sugar-laden truck in violation of instructions by their seniors, six Naga policemen and four special officers walked into a Maoist booby trap in a densely forested area of Dantewada district.
Four of the Naga personnel, two special police officers of Chhattisgarh, the civilian truck driver and his handyman died as the truck was blown to smithereens in the landmine explosion. A hail of bullets followed the explosion and the militants emerged from the jungle to take away the security personnel’s arms and ammunition. Before fleeing, they beheaded the slain truck driver.
It was the second time in less than a month that Maoists had the better of Naga police personnel in the same district. On February 8, a bomb disposal squad of the Nagaland Armed Police made the mistake of trying to defuse a lunchbox packed with explosives without taking adequate precautions. Six persons, including three of the Naga personnel, were killed when the lunchbox exploded. Inspector-general of police (headquarters) Girdhari Nayak said today’s incident could have been averted. “All jawans engaged in anti-Maoist operations have been instructed not to board four-wheelers. But the jawans committed the mistake again. An error on our part is a gain for them (Maoists).”
Just over a year ago, Naxalites blew up a Matador on which some Naga policemen had hitchhiked en route to their base camp near Errabore in Dantewada district. Twelve of them died in the incident. Inspector-general of police (Bastar range) R.K. Vij said the personnel killed this morning were part of a combined road-opening party of 50 personnel from Nagaland and some special police officers. After completing their operation along the Injaram-Errabore Road, eight personnel got separated from the group and decided to board a truck that was coming from Orissa. Maoists lying in wait near Ashirguda village blew up the truck with a landmine around 8.30 am. The police could not confirm how many weapons were lost, but sources said the Naxalites took away three AK-47 rifles, two .303 guns and as many self-loading rifles.
The first Naga casualties in the war against Naxalites had triggered indignation in Nagaland. Families of Naga policemen on deputation demanded that they be recalled immediately. On the whole, Naga personnel deployed in Chhattisgarh have been consistently praised for their work in the Maoist-infested pockets of the Bastar region.
4 Naga IRB boys among 8 killed The Morung Express
Dimapur, MarCH 1 (MExN): Four jawans of the Naga 9th IR fell to a landmine, and an ambush, along with four other casualties in Chhattisgarh’s Dantewada district today. The dead also include two Special Police Officers and the driver and handyman of the truck the fallen soldiers were traveling in. Two IR jawans also sustained serious injuries, police said.
The four fallen IR men have been identified as Havildar B Limawati Walling, C/N T Nghio Lotha, C/N Chumukie Sangtam and C/N Mayangchiba Walling while the injured reportedly serious have been identified as C/N T Nokum Konyak and C/N Shilulemba Ao.
Police sources in Dantewada said that Naxalites detonated a large landmine and proceeded to fire indiscriminately on a police party killing eight on the spot and injuring two security personnel at Metaguda in Errabore Police station area, about 485 km from the district hub.
According to police sources, the incident occurred when the police party was undertaking a road-clearing operation. About ten jawans were in the truck, which fell to a huge landmine and later, indiscriminate firing from the Naxalites.
The Naxalites also took away seven sophisticated weapons from the security personnel after killing them, sources said. They escaped with three AK-47 rifles and two each of SLRs and .303s. Additional forces have rushed to the spot and combing operation has been launched to trace out the Naxalites, it was informed. It was the same spot, where about a year back insurgents had triggered a landmine targeting a truck which killed 27 villagers. State Home Department sources also told PTI that the truck targeted by the Naxalites today had an Orissa registration number and the security force personnel had taken a lift when the blast was triggered. With inputs from PTI
Th Muivah heads for talks at New Delhi Newmai News Network

Dimapur, Mar 1: NSCN(IM) general secretary Thuingaleng Muivah left Dimapur for New Delhi this afternoon to hold another round of political dialogues with the government of India.

NSCN(IM)`s ceasefire monitoring cell convenor Phumthing Shimrang told Newmai News Network tonight that the next round of talks between the government of India and the NSCN(IM) is likely to begin on March 3 for which reason the general secretary of the outfit had left Nagaland today. Phumthing Shimrang however said whether the NSCN(IM) leader will return to Nagaland after the talks would only be known after the next round of talks is over.

A separate source informed NNN that a six-member delegation of the NSCN(IM) led by its general secretary Th Muivah left Dimapur for Delhi today to carry forward the ongoing political dialogue with government of India. According to sources, the other members of the team include senior leaders Rh Raising, Tongmeth Wangnao, V Tuccu, Samsong Jajo and Alezo Venuh.
However, NSCN(IM) chairman Isak Chishi Swu is staying back in Nagaland.
Nagaland salutes her brave, fallen soldiers The Morung Express
Dimapur, Mar 1 (MExN): Nagaland Governor T Sankaranarayanan, Chief Minister Neiphiu Rio, Home Minister Thenucho and DGP J Chankija condoles the tragic death of yet another four 9th IRB personnel in Chhattisgarh, in a landmine explosion today. Havildar B Limawati Walling, C/N T Nghio Lotha, C/N Chumukie Sangtam and C/N Mayangchiba Walling fell to a landmine in Chhattisgarh’s Dantewada district.
In a condolence message, Governor Sankaranarayanan while stating that the four fallen soldiers laid down their lives for peace and security of the country, also expressed sadness that this is another such casualty “second time within a month”. “The gallant jawans of the 9th IRB in Chhattisgarh are defending the citizens against the violent forces sticking to ideology which is inimical to the democratic ethos of our country” the Governor stated adding that violence will not lead to any solution. Conveying his deepest condolences to the bereaved families of the fallen jawans for the irreparable loss, the Governor assured that the sacrifices would ever be remembered. Sankaranarayanan also wished speedy recovery to C/N T Nokum Konyak and C/N Shilulemba Ao who suffered serious injuries.
Chief Minister Neiphiu Rio in his message expressed pain. “It pains me that 9th IRB has lost many precious lives…the supreme sacrifices made by our jawans while protecting the common man from anti-social and other unscrupulous elements will go in the annals of Nagaland police history and the country as martyrs” he stated.

Conveying his deepest condolences, Rio prayed for strength for the bereaved families to bear the loss. He also prayed for eternal rest for the fallen soldiers and speedy recovery for the injured.
Home Minister Thenucho in his condolence message, slammed the incident as yet another act of cowardice from the Naxals against the Naga IRB. But the jawans have sacrificed their lives to maintain law and order in society and in defending the innocent citizens of the nation which will be remembered forever, he stated. “I salute them for their gallant acts. The government of Nagaland stands committed to its policies in extending all possible help and assistance to the bereaved families in sharing their grief and loss” the Minster assured and conveyed his heartfelt condolences to the bereaved family members. He prayed that the Almighty give them strength to bear the irreparable loss.
The Police department also mourned their fallen comrades and assured that it would continue to stand behind “The Daring Ninth” and that their supreme sacrifice will never go in vain. “The officers and men of the Nagaland Police department join me in the sorrow and we are still shocked by the tragic incident and we convey our sincere condolences to the members of the bereaved families” stated a condolence message from Director General of Police J Changkija, IPS. While stating that human life is God-given and so is precious, the police also condemned the ‘dastardly act’ but assured that it will not discourage the force. The DGP also mentioned that the men who performed their duties at risk of their lives are ensured for an amount of Rs 10 lakhs, besides an ex-gratia of Rs 5 Lakhs from the Government of Chhattisgarh and Rs 3 lakhs from the Government of Nagaland. Over and above all these benefits, the Nagaland Police department has the Nagaland Police Risk Insurance Scheme (NPRIS) and all other benefits that accrue to a government servant. Their spouses will also be paid salary equivalent to the last pay drawn by the deceased till the time the deceased would have retired from service. The next of kin have also been given suitable employment in the past and it will be the bounden duty of the police department and obligation to continue to do so, the DGP stated.
Three join NSCN (K) Morung Express
DIMAPUR, MARCH 1 (MExN): Three NSCN (IM) cadres reportedly belonging to the Ihoshe Battalion joined the NSCN (K) citing disillusionment and lack of commitment and erosion of patriotic spirit in the NSCN (IM), stated Isak Sumi, Military Spokesman NSCN (K) in a press note received here. The three cadres brought with them one M-20 pistol and several rounds of ammunition, it was stated adding that the three had responded to the call “to denounce anti-peace gang” and “joining the National mainstream in order to boost peace initiative and concertedly struggle to attain Naga’s aspiration”. According to the press note, the three who joined the NSCN (K) are Lt. Tonivi of Hebolimi village, 2nd Lt. Hosea of Toshezu village and Sgt. Azheto of Pukhato village. All three belong to the Ihoshe Battalion. “Materialism, greed, gamble for power and hegemonic control at the expense of Naga people besides tribal favoritism and rampant corruption at all levels of the set-up” were the other reasons for defection. Meanwhile Commander OBL Brig. Niki Sumi and supervisor UT-1 Akato Chophi have extended warm home coming greetings and appealed to the mis-guided Naga brothers to follow suit in the greater interest of the National well-being.
NSF seeks ‘clear policy’ on IRB deployment Nagaland Post
Dimapur, Mar 1 (NPN): the Naga Students' Federation (NSF) has asked the State Government to come out with a "clear policy" for deployment of 9 NAP (IR) in Chhattisgarh, saying "enough dead bodies have arrived (in the State) to prove the wrong policy (of the government.)" The NSF said, "Nagas as an indigenous struggling people respect the sentiments and struggling spirit of indigenous groups anywhere in the world", adding, "These proxy/psychological warfare tactics employed by the Central/State governments are condemned."
NSF president Phushika Awomi in a release reiterated that his federation had foreseen "these unwanted things long ago and objected to the government's move even before the Naga boys were deployed in unnecessary war zones."
He said the government's announcement of withdrawal of 9 NAP by June, 2007 would not be "the end as government is planning to replace by 10 IR." "Out of the seven companies, only two are commanded at present by assistant commandant while three companies are manned by ABSIs," the he added. While pointing out that 42 personnel of 9 IR had already lost their lives in Chhattisgarh, the NSF president said, "Nagas are born as warriors and can perform if equipped well and given a chance to display their bravery in line of defence of not less than a nation. But their deployment in Chhattisgarh as an internal security matter is highly deplorable."
Cong slams DAN ministers Nagaland Post
DIMAPUR, MAR 1 (NPN): With campaigns by various political parties for the by-election gaining momentum, especially in Dimapur-1 A/C, the state Congress party has come up with some startling revelation of corruption and misuse of position against two senior ministers of the DAN Government. The ministers in line of fire are Industries & Commerce minister Khekiho, who is also the father of NPF candidate for Dimapur-1, Atomi Zhimomi and Home minister Thenucho, the incharge of NPF by-election in Dimapur-1 A/C.
The Media Cell of Nagaland Pradesh Congress Committee (NPCC) in a press release said the industries minister had taken over the Nagaland Fruit Processing Unit on rent at the cost of Rs. 25,000 per month for thirty years. "Shri. Khekiho has virtually seized the unit by not floating tender but by 'political decision'. It was taken over in the name of his younger son Anato," NPCC said. The state government had earlier set up the unit at a cost of Rs. 4 crore.
The NPCC also claimed that at least one-third of the 1000 acre government land at Ganeshnagar had been encroached upon and was presently under "private possession" of minister Khekiho. Besides, the Congress media cell has alleged the Industries minister of attempting to take over the Mechanised Brick Factory in Dimapur, deducting at source 45 percent of transport subsidy out of Rs. 19 crore during 2006-07 and handing over Canning Industry to his son Atomi "without any formalities." The Congress also attacked the Home minister saying the latter had made a "remarkable precedent by being chairman of Tender Committee in connection with 9 IRB HQ construction at Saijang with estimated cost of Rs. 49 crore, 85 percent above the schedule of rate given and demanded 70 percent from the contractor amounting to Rs. 30 crore."
Ridiculing the NPF for choosing the "two most corrupt ministers" to shoulder the party's responsibilities in the by-election to Dimapur-1, the NPCC further said "these two ministers reportedly claim to be the original NPF, the proprietor of NPF and the Chief Minister-in-waiting." As for the Congress party, NPCC said, it would stand for transparency in governance, peace, progress in development and unity of all section of people.
Our Kohima correspondent adds: A Congress delegation met Governor K. Sankaranarayanan on Thursday and apprised him of their apprehension of possible rigging to the 1.Dimapur I by-poll which is scheduled on March 8. Reliable sources in the Congress said the members who met the governor included former ministers Imtisungit Jamir and Nillo Rengma, former Speaker Z. Lohe, former deputy speaker Joshua and former MLA Asu Keyho.
Clarification to Phisami GK on Mulatonu- Nagaland Post Opinion
Referring to the write up " A thought for Mr. Kughalu Mulatonu" It was written in the last paragraph, " If you insist that the Tangkhul brothers are not Nagas, I must also have the right to say that you are not a Sumi", which the phisami Ghakhu Kuqhakulu expectantly responded with regard to his identity. Translated into Sumi dialect, it would read something like, "Nono tsukho mo Tangkhulmi athikuzumi qoye Nagami kumoe ipi aye night noye Sumi kumoe ipi pilu kepu chipiu aghi masae." I simply tried to convey the idea that no individual, be it Mr. Mulatonu, I or anyone, possess the power or the right to denounce a particular tribe or community.
If such an attempt is made, the same measuring scale must be available to others as well, to be used against the author. I am convinced that Mr. Kughalu Mulatonu is a Sumi from Phisami Village. Equally, I wanted him to understand that Tangkhul brothers are also an integral part of the great Naga family. I do have the greatest respect for Phisami Ghakhu Kuqhakulu (Citizens) and therefore any displeasure caused to them is deeply regretted. T.G. Jimo.
Shillong Accordists and NSCN (I-M) nexus- Nagaland Post Opinion
We Nagas are a distinct nation and in defense of our sovereignty for the past 60 years, innumerable braves had sacrificed their lives. The Shillong Accordists had accepted the constitution of India and those who live in Transit Peace camp cannot claim national responsibility any longer. Also the NSCN (IM) is having talks with GOI to have a federal relationship, can we consider these activities to be in the interest of Naga sovereignty?
The Shillong Accordists in Chakhesang region and the NSCN (IM) had on October 16' 2006 met at Pfutsero town and reached an understanding to jointly work. Now in collusion, they are terrorizing the Chakhesang people. The public leaders and church leaders too are also at a loss to do anything now. Many Chkahesang leaders and national workers had fallen prey to the NSCN (IM). Now, when some Chakhesangs are working hand in glove with those killers, is it not subverting the Naga national cause? Further, can the Chakhesangs feed those people to inflict harm on ourselves? Many national workers do not know these relatives. Let everyone ponder and know how these Transit Peace Campers and NSCN (IM) are cheating and harming the nation. We cannot ignore how these people had terrorized the inhabitants of Pfutsero Basa, Lozaphuhu, Ketsapo and presently Phek town. The Chakhesang had declared its stand to work for the NNC and FGN. The Chakhesang Regional Council, NNC and the region government has also declared on October 12' 2006 to disassociate with the Transit peace Campers. Any Chakhesang working contrary to these principles cannot be considered as Chakhesang Region National workers.
In the Naga family, the Chakhesang people also elect and appoint our legitimate Midan Peyu, Regional President and other leaders. From where did the Transit Peace Campers get the authority to elect and appoint Chakhesang Region Midan Peyu and Regional president? This is only a shameful ploy to confuse and cheat the people. Leadership cannot be self styled. Chakhesang region steadfastly works for the NNC and FGN. Anyone working against this cannot be considered as a national worker. The Chakhesang shall remain as one and work in for conformity with the declared stand till the goal is achieved. Zapoyi Swuro, Secretary, Chakhesang Region, FGN.
Naga Council calls for free and fair election The Morung Express
DIMAPUR, MARch 1 (MExN): The Naga Council convened a public general meeting on March 1 which was attended by all the Candidates who are in fray for the forthcoming Dimapur-I Bye-election to be held in March 8. Among those who attended the meeting included GBS’, Tribal Presidents, Women Hoho and members if the Naga Council. The meet resolved and expressed outmost desire to ensure free and fair election in a peaceful atmosphere so as to safeguard the interest of the people.
It nay be mentioned that the common agenda of the five aspiring candidates is to maintain peace and bring development. Moreover, public leaders are of the opinion that the bye-election should set a trend toward free and fair election particularly in Dimapur and the State in general. A press note informed that the Naga Council submitted a copy of the issues deliberated during the meeting to the DC, Dimapur, who is also the Returning Officer, wherein the contain had appealed to all concerned to ensure peaceful conduct of the election. The Naga Council further appealed to the DEC to activate the entire administrative apparatus so as to achieve the desired result for which the people of Dimapur will remain indebted for his competence and sensible act.
UNC sticks to pre-poll stand By Our Staff Reporter Sangai Express
Imphal, Mar 1: All the consensus candidates of the United Naga Council (UNC) elected in the just concluded election for the 9th State Legislative Assembly would remain in the Opposition bench as declared before the poll results were announced, reaffirmed the Council’s president Paul Leo. Talking to The sangai Express today Paul recalled “before the polls, we had already taken our decision that our nominated candidates would not join any government and we re-affirmed our stance during a meeting at Tungjoy in Senapati district yesterday”. The meeting was attended by the victorious candidates and leaders of several Naga civil society organisations, the UNC chief said adding that the successful candidates will now work under the newly floated United Naga Democratic Alliance (UNDA). Making its stand clear, UNC at the forefront of the Naga integration movement for years, has not changed from the stand that its victorious independent candidates would take on the opposition bench in the Manipur assembly, he added. Out of eleven consensus candidates fielded by the council for the 9th assembly elections, six emerged victorious and they include Wungnaoshang Keishing (Phungyar), Morung Makunga (Tengnoupal), Danny Shaiza (Ukhrul), Khasim Ruivah (Chingai), Awangbow Newmai (Tamei) and K Raina (Tadubi). The meeting is also informed to have focused on the Nagas’ 60 years of struggle to fulfil their aspiration and uphold the ongoing peace talks as well as works to be executed by the victorious Naga candidates within and beyond the assembly house. Two other elected independent candidates - M Thorii (Mao) and Khangthuanang Panmei (Tamenglong) are also on the verge of entering into the UNDA fold, he disclosed while informing that Thorii had already endorsed the matter and that he participated in the said meeting. On this Leo recalled that all the 60 intending Naga candidates including the two had endorsed the declaration made on January 16 at Taphou in Senapati district that they would work unitedly for the cause of the Nagas.
Governor all praise for VGs Correspondent Nagaland Post
KOHIMA, MAR 1 (NPN): State Governor K. Sankaranarayanan Thursday was all praise for the Village Guards of Nagaland for earning laurels for its loyalty and bravery over the years. "The Village Guards of Nagaland is a remarkable and unique institution in Nagaland. Your (VGs) services for the cause of security and peace are well appreciated," K. Sankaranarayanan said while addressing the golden jubilee celebrations of the Village Guards of Nagaland at local ground, Kohima. While Stressing on the need of expanding the role of Village Guards in the present context, he said the Village Guards could play an important role in disaster management through suitable training and skills, adding, "Let this golden jubilee herald an expanded vision of the role of VGs." He asked them to perform their duties with loyalty, courage and sense of duty.
K. Sankaranarayanan also presented golden jubilee medals and certificates to 42 VG personnel. They included the founder, 14 former commandant generals, a former minister and former DC Tuensang, eight VG Posts and 14 others for their life-time contributions. Later, the Governor declared the exhibition stalls opened. Chief Minister Neiphiu Rio, who also attended the function, announced enhancement of pay for village guards from Rs.500 to Rs.600. He said the newly-introduced dress for the VGs would be used from today onwards. He revealed that a high-powered committee (HPC) had been formed with Additional Chief Secretary and Commandant General, VGs T. N. Manen as chairman to look into the affairs and welfare of the village guards.
Rio said the VGs did a commendable job by protecting the villages and guarding the international borders. He paid tributes to VGs for the sacrifices they made both in past and present, defending Naga pride, honour and integrity. The Chief Minister said the strength of Village Guards had risen from 300 to 9571 and called upon VG personnel to re-dedicate their good services to the State. Rio also released the souvenir and memento on the occasion. VGs operate in five districts of Nagaland -- Mon, Tuensang, Longleng, Kiphire and PheK (Meluri sub-division).
Earlier in his welcome address, Additional Chief Secretary and Commandant General, VGs T. N. Manen gave a brief account of the history of Village Guards, Nagaland, which, he said, started in Pangsha village of Noklak sub-division 50 years ago. "It (VGs) has now grown into a formidable force of 9600 fully trained and armed personnel in the service of the people", he said. He disclosed that the VGs had already received 24 Ashok Chakras of different categories and many other awards. Altogether 14 VG platoons took part in the march past parade. A cultural programe was also held as part of the programme.
Lead Kindly Light By UA Shimray Sangai Express article
The Naga political movement is one of the oldest political struggles in the Southeast Asian region. Naga people defy the Indian nation building process and felt that the process as “imperial imposition” to their ancestral land. More than five decades Nagas suffered immense political domination, military suppression and human right violations. Inspite of all odds and socio-political circumstances, the struggle passionately nurtured the rights of the Nagas. In this journey, Naga society was tested with the policy of ‘divide and rule’ and ‘money power’ as well as ethnic hatred. However, all these forces fail to eliminate the rights of the Naga people though considerable damages had been done in social system.
Naga Civil Societies and Indian Electoral Process…
In the decade 2000s, Manipur witness three general elections. Indeed, the decade debut interesting facet to the Naga politics. The decade witnesses how the Naga politics began to tag “Holy-Unholy” nexus with Manipur elections. In other word, terms and conditions of “Boycott,” and “Go-ahead” and “Blessed One” by the United Naga Council (UNC).
On 5th January 1998, various Naga Civil organizations and Churches urged the Government of India to expedite Naga problem sincerely. Also, demands withhold the forthcoming General Assembly and Parliamentary Elections in the Naga areas and hereby facilitate the talks between the Government of India and the Naga leaders to take place under peaceful atmosphere.
The memo said: “With-hold the forthcoming general and parliamentary elections in the Naga inhabited areas and thereby facilitate the talks between the Government of India and the Naga National leaders to take place under peaceful atmosphere.” Further, a rally was organized in New Delhi on 14th February 1998 and reiterates that: “Those of the Naga people who are committed to finding a permanent and peaceful solutions have not filed nominations nor will be participating in the elections in consistence with their demand” [“Nagas Want Solution Not Election,” rally pamphlet] In this connection, many Naga civil organisations launched “Journey of Conscience’ in 2000 to talk to the rest of India. In Delhi, a journey started on 30 January 2000, Mahatma Gandhi’s death anniversary at his Samadhi and observed silence in remembrance of the Nagas and Indians who had died in the decades of long struggle. Naga delegates sing Gandhi’s favourite hymn “Lead Kindly Light.”
“Lead Kindly Light” mission in Delhi may not bear expected result but it managed to reach many light-minded Indian intellectuals and sympathizers. It was one of the most colourful and traditional movement that Naga ever experience outside the Naga areas. A journey also incorporate with “No Election, No Solution” and it is one the main slogan that echo Delhi’s busiest road [Mandi House to Parliament Street]. It was wonderful journey ending with a melodious song from OTS and Patkai Choir singing “Kuknalim…yeh Kuknalim…”
Hitherto, the slogan “No Election, No Solution” failed in Naga areas in the 7th Manipur General Assembly election. The UNC’s Election boycott was defied by some candidates and got themselves elected. Unfortunately, the life of 7th Assembly was shortened by 18th June incident in 2001. In the 8th Manipur General Assembly election, UNC order “Go Ahead” with certain “terms and conditions.” But the mood towards certain political parties particularly Indian National Congress (INC) was not good. Recent 9th Manipur General Assembly election twisted UNC’s policy of “No solution, No election.” Instead, the UNC took keen interest in Indian Electoral Process and fielded its own Independent candidates as “Blessed-One” with the theme of “Lead Kindly Light” in Naga dominated areas. These candidates were also compelled to take oath to voice “Naga Integration” in the Manipur Assembly. Unfortunately, UNC reap only 6 candidates out of 11 [Three from Ukhrul district and one each from Senapati, Chandel and Tamenglong]. Inspite of election drawn back, they still claim that UNC have the people mandate. The UNC’s Publicity Secretary said: “We have won over 65 percent of what we have fielded and this is a flying start. This has also shown that the Nagas in general have endorsed the collective aspirations” [The Sangai Express, 28 February 2007, Internet version].
I don’t want to calculate how much percentage the UNC got instead I somewhat endorsed “Lead Kindly Light” would not lead anywhere. Rather UNC should reflect and understand how much damage they created in the Naga society. Now, the question that ponders is UNC shading the tradition of Nagas’ grass root activism…? The recent participation of Indian electoral process acknowledges that UNC recognised Indian Constitution. Moreover, formation of United Naga Democratic Front (UNDF) by UNC sponsored candidates indicates that it has a purpose.
Further the UNDF stated: “With a clear aim to exercise their democratic rights and wishes, the Naga people represented by the United Naga Council (UNC) had set up Independent candidate as its consensus candidates to represent them in 11 segments of Assembly Constituencies in the ongoing 9th Manipur state Assembly Election 2007. The consensus candidates have already formed an alliance, christened ‘United Naga Democratic Front (UNDF) to work outside the house for a ‘Common Identical Programme’ with other like minded Independent candidate in the state”. The UNDF is a political alliance formed by the “consensus candidate” of the United Naga Council (UNC) with S. Kho John as its convener a forthright ago [The Morung Express, 20 February 2007, Internet version]. Remarks
Renowned journalist Bhushan cautions that: “The integration of Naga areas itself will be a tricky issue. If it is not handled properly, there is unlikely to be a permanent solution. Yet, any process for the integration of the Naga area must give a chance to those adversely affected by it to have their say - that shows good reason why the natural desire of the Nagas to live together is inimical to their interest.” No doubt, Naga integration is one crucial agenda in the present Naga politics. But let us not reduce the Naga issue to the mere electoral process. But if the trends continue like that then I am sure the future of the Naga issue would compare with the Teleganna issue in Andhra Pradesh or Belgaum in Karnataka.
Is the Indian electoral process is the solution to the Naga issue? If… then, why waste so many years. For me, Naga issue is neither Indian Constitutional crisis nor Electoral process. Very unfortunate, today Naga peace process is not leading anywhere but it is “frustrating” anyway… So who get the last laugh, it is Indian Government, welcome to the Indian Electoral process.
Ready for talks if sovereignty is discussed: ULFA The Morung Express
Guwahati, March 1 (Agencies): The ULFA on Wednesday criticised a statement by Union Minister of State for Home S Reghupathy in Parliament a day before that there was no formal proposal from the banned outfit for direct talks. Stating that it was always ready to hold talks with the Centre if the issue of Assam’s sovereignty was discussed, ULFA Chairman Arabinda Rajkhowa in an e-mail to the local media said “the government is making false statement in Parliament that we had not sent any formal proposal for direct talks, to tarnish our image.” “In response to Prime Minister Dr Manmohan Singh’s proposal for direct talks, ULFA had sent a written proposal in the first week of June, 2005 that it was ready for direct talks provided Assam’s sovereignty was discussed,” he said. Moreover, the peoples’ consultative group was constituted by ULFA to pave the way for direct talks, he said. “We had specified that restoration of Assam’s sovereignty, release of cadres missing since the operations by the Bhutan Government and release of five senior jailed ULFA leaders was a must for the political settlement of the state’s problems,” he added. The Central Government, however, did not pay any heed to these demands and was instead trying to present a wrong image of ULFA in Parliament, Rajkhowa alleged.
Govt-ULFA nexus, attack on media rock LS From Our Spl Correspondent Assam Tribune
NEW DELHI, March 1 – Opposition BJP today turned the heat on UPA for failing to project the correct picture of the North-east, with Opposition leader, LK Advani seeking a response from the Centre on the issue of alleged deal between Assam Government and ULFA. The UPA Government had to pass through embarrassing moments, when the Opposition leader raked up the issue of State Government-ULFA nexus and targeting of the media in Assam, comparing the situation with the Emergency era. Outside the Parliament, Joint Forum of Journalists Association staged a demonstration protesting the attack on media in Assam and Andhra Pradesh. A host of leaders belonging to Samajwadi Party, Telegu Desam, BJP, AIADMK and AGP participated in the demonstration. Dr Arun Kuamr Sarma and Sarbananda Sonowal too participated in the demonstration.
Addressing the meeting, Amar Singh of SP blasted the Tarun Gogoi Government comparing the attempts by the two Congress state governments to gag press in their respective states with the Emergency period during Indira Gandhi’s regime, which he described as the darkest period in the history of freedom of the Press in India. Meanwhile, as if on cue, Advani, who was taking part in the Motion of Thanks to President’s Address alleged that the Centre had a secret understanding with ULFA.

“The mere omission of ULFA was a clear indication that government was hand-in-glove with the underground outfits,” he charged. Advani’s charge brought both Union Minister for Heavy Industries and Public Enterprise, Santosh Mohan Dev and Union Minister of State for Parliamentary Affairs, Bijoy Krishna Hendique to their feet to protest. They asked the Opposition leader to authenticate his charge. Carrying on unperturbed, Advani said that the accreditation of a news channel was revoked for telecasting a news item that Congress Government in Assam had paid large sums to ULFA for peaceful conduct of the National Games in Guwahati. The accreditation was restored only after the Supreme Court’s order, the Opposition leader added.

Asking the Prime Minister to explain the incidents, Advani raked up the issue of attack on media in Andhra Pradesh and Assam. “I have known the 1975 Emergency inside out. The same mentality is pervasive in Assam and Andhra Pradesh. The Government has not learnt the lessons of Emergency,” he said. Welcoming the Veerappa Moily Committee report on Administrative Reforms, Advani said that just like the ULFA, the Report also found no place in the President’s Address. About the illegal immigrant issue, Advani said that Supreme Court had questioned the bona fides of the Government for incorporating the ‘wrong features’ of the IMDT Act in the new Foreigner Tribunal Order 2006. The apex court had also ordered that illegal migrants should be sent back to Bangladesh, he added. The opposition leader further raised the issue of killing of the Hindi speaking people in the State ahead of the National Games.

Advani also took the Government to task for clubbing the internal security problem of terrorism in Jammu and Kashmir and North-east and the Naxal problem together. The address should have mentioned how cross, border terrorism was sponsored by ISI of Pakistan, he added.

Meanwhile, addressing the rally of the journalists, AGP MP Arun Sarma said Northeast Television had been doing credible, free and independent work in the region. He noted with regret that the Congress chief ministers were trying to ride roughshod over media houses in their states and the central Congress leadership had chosen to overlook this fact. Sarma said the nexus between ULFA and Congress in Assam was already well established and the report that had created a flutter was correct and powerful enough to have shaken those in power. Arunachal BJP MP Kiren Rijiju said that the Gogoi government had behaved in an unconstitutional manner and this had been reversed by the timely intervention of the Supreme Court.
Relief for Assam tribals as market finds Karbi ginger By Indian EXpress
Hundreds of tribal farmers in Assam's Karbi Anglong hill district will no longer have to depend on the middleman in Delhi to dispose off his ginger produce, and that too at throwaway prices. Through the recently launched Ginger Growers' Cooperative Marketing Federation (Gin-Fed), they can reach out to the market directly. Launched under the Rashtriya Sam Vikash Yojana (RSVY), the project has already attracted buyers and sellers alike. Ginger growers of the hill district have deposited about 150 tonne of their produce to the proposed Gin-Fed in the past seven days; authorities hope to procure about 400 tonne on an experimental basis to test-run the project. "This is the first-ever commodity-based cooperative marketing federation in the Northeast and we intend to free the poor tribal farmer from the grip of the middlemen who literally cheat them year in and year out," said M Angamuthu, deputy commissioner of Karbi Anglong, who chalked out the structure of Gin-Fed. Angamuthu said middlemen have been forcing the tribal grower in Karbi Anglong to part with his ginger produce at just about Rs 2 or Rs 3 per kilogram for decades. "We are offering them a minimum of Rs 8 per kilogram," he added. Karbi Anglong is Assam's number one ginger-producing district with an average annual output of about 11,000 tonne. "Trucks make a queue out of Karbi Anglong during the harvest time, but the small and marginal tribal family continues to be as poor as before," Angamuthu said. "We intend to create a brand image for Karbi ginger." The total worth of the Karbi ginger in the Azadpur mandi in Delhi is said to be a whopping Rs 20 crore per year. District agricultural development officer S Sandhan said not more than Rs 2 crore reaches the growers. Things might change now. "ITC, Reliance and Dabur have shown positive response to our efforts. Gin-Fed will ultimately establish a direct link between the growers and the market, which in turn will raise the income level of the people several times," said Sandhan. While Gin-Fed intends to set up processing plants and also introduce 100 per cent organic farming in Karbi Anglong, the authorities are already citing the positive response from ITC, Reliance and Dabur as a sign that the Karbi ginger will do well. "The farmers not only brave difficult terrain but also live amid endless ethnic violence and militancy to produce one of India's best variety of ginger," added Sandhan. In October 2005, several thousand tribal families were rendered homeless in ethnic clashes arising out of what is believed to be a dispute over land where people from different communities cultivated ginger.
Assam's economy abuzz with Jorhat Expo By ANI
Guwahati, Mar. 2 (ANI): Jorhat, once the capital of the last Ahom kings, is known not only for its natural beauty, but also for its economic activities. The second National Jorhat Expo held recently saw the participation of people from all over the country and abroad as well. It focused on exposing North Eastern products to the outside world and invited investment from local entrepreneurs. It also helped in exchanging ideas and exploring new business avenues with the various participating countries. "Rather than selling the goods, our aim is to showcase new things to the people -the art and culture of our country. We want the people of Jorhat to love this art and take it to their homes," said Bipul, a Kenyan representative. Abdul Munam Morsee, an Egyptian, said, "A good number of people bought many things. People like to buy here. Three days I was here and now my stuff is close to getting finished." Around 40 stalls were set-up at the expo, including 10 local, 12 stalls of the Multi National Companies and five foreign stalls. It was a big hit not only in terms of the participation but also in terms of customers' response. "It is quite an improvement over last year's expo. New stalls and things we are seeing here, which we cannot see in other stalls in Jorhat. I found a lot of improvement," said Tracy, a customer. Districts like Jorhat are showing a keen interest in organising such fairs. This demonstrates that the people of Assam want to utilise the opportunities coming their way through free trade, and more than willing to take advantage of the country's 'Look East' Policy. (ANI)
The Indo-Manipur political conflict — IV — Exploring new ways for solution — By Sanatomba Kangujam Sangai Express article
A purely law and order problem would not have invited the Indian Government to deploy army and enact the AFSPA except under specific circumstances characterized by high occurrence of armed conflict. Therefore, the act of interpreting the conflict as a law and order problem while deploying huge forces of Army in Manipur to intervene into, it demonstrates that the issue is by no means a law and order problem but one marked by deeply implanted character of a political conflict between two different nations. Will the Government still say that this is a law and order issue, which is to be dealt with by the civil authority? Towards a new opening?
In the light of the above discussion, the Indo-Manipur conflict needs to be resolved at the earliest possible. Considering the magnitude of suffering experienced by the people of Manipur and intensification of the military confrontation that has been going on for many decades, it is high time for the parties involved in the conflict to finally take firm positions from where they can speak to each other as the primary condition for initiating a political dialogue. Either retention of the existing conflict or search for a possible dialogue that does not give an unequal weightage to claim over their respective position is not simply a matter of choice. Rather, this is a matter of deep concern for all individuals and groups who love freedom to be protected equally and fairly with least compromises on the part of those involved in the conflict. This is possible by first accepting a fact that the issue is a pronounced conflict having an evasive political presence in all aspects of the character of its occurrence as experienced by both the Government of India and the armed opposition groups of Manipur. India, being larger and more powerful than the dissenting groups, should not take advantage of its position in dealing with its political opponents. The concern that India has been showing so far has merely indicated the vantage point from where it can dictate the terms of contract that is sought to be on board with any opposition groups. The consequence is an unending conflict and the advantage it enjoys has produced its own limits and, of course, the conflict has been growing to a deeper and more antagonistic level. India should not think this as an achievement worthy of being recorded in its history to prove that India is a strong and powerful nation among the international community. Today India may give a chance to its future as a nation that can respect dissents on moral grounds. Any kind of resolution of the existing politico-military conflict between Manipur and India should be premised on the mutual understanding of each other’s political status. To be precise, Manipur should recognize India as a sovereign independent country; likewise India should also recognize the distinct political status of Manipur. Few options may be suggested for bringing about a permanent solution to the Indo-Manipur conflict.
1. Making Manipur an Associate State of India through a harmonious constitutional arrangement.
2. Establishment of an independent Government of Manipur on the Taiwanese Model.
3. Holding of a Plebiscite on the national independence of Manipur as in the case of East Timor.
These three points may be given a public concern from different sections. However, this concern should involve a critique of the earlier understanding, which, among others, gives a special position to the Government of India to hold responsibilities of Defence, Foreign affairs and Communication through a negotiated outcome. A negotiated outcome of this kind will amount to misunderstanding of what a resolution of political conflict is. It is in this context that the present federal set up of the state and its limitations in India may rather invite us to think in terms of a shift from working out a model on the basis of Centre-State relations that constitute India’s political process to a deeper project of reformulating the relations on the basis of Governments.
We can cite three options to refer to this context. First, a dialogue on how to reach an agreement on becoming an ‘Associate State’ with its defined ‘autonomies’ and ‘particular relations’ it should have with the Government of India can be one way of engaging with the issue. Second, we may embark on a project that marked a shift from the general understanding of federalism towards making a model. This model may be worked out to ensure a sustainable relation between two independent governments; for example, here the Government of Manipur and Government of India may be fitted into a model of how two completely different systems are managed to coexist in one state that we find in the relations between the People’s Republic of China and Taiwan. Third, the future political existence of Manipur may be decided on the basis of a plebiscite under the supervision of the international community. It is primarily suggested in order to enable the parties to the conflict to resolve the existing conflict at the instance of what the people of Manipur would definitely aspire for regarding the future political status of Manipur. Another point that nonetheless is important for exploring new approaches towards resolving the conflict should also carry the understanding that major subjects like Defence, Foreign affairs and Communication should be defining characters of the political status that is constituted accordingly with the terms of the contract. Other things like ‘currency’ may be assigned to the Government of India. The terms of the contract should cover a concrete honour to the independent existence of a political status of Manipur by allowing it to own national symbols of its choices like a national flag including state emblem, national anthem and above all a separate representative in the United Nations besides having its own constitution. However, an earnest effort is highly essential prior to entering into an actual dialogue. To rehearse the matter, all the Indian armies and paramilitary forces should be withdrawn from Manipur to dampen the existing hostility that has largely enveloped the political reality of Manipur today. An honest attempt to reach a possible outcome should involve openness and this can be ensured if the Government of India unilaterally resolves to stop waging military campaign against the armed opposition groups of Manipur. New Delhi should realize that heavy deployment of armies and continued enforcement of the black laws will only lead to further militarization of the already tense situation which will not do any good either for India or Manipur. There can never be a military solution to the conflict as it has wide concerns over the matters of identity, political status, historical awareness and issues of development. The conflict between Manipur and India is truly a conflict that has all these characters. Any attempt to find a way out of this conflict should enable the Government of India to see beyond the prejudiced and other charged characters attributed to the present conflict. — Concluded
Mass protest rally against extortions by NDFB Our Correspondent Assam Tribune
MUSHALPUR, March 1 – After a week-long tension prevailing in the northern belt of Baksa district as a result of public resentment in the wake of unabated extortions carried out by NDFB cadres around Baksa district headquarter, a huge mass silent protest rally was taken out to Barbari police station from Dighaldonga Ras Khola on February 27. Public from all around Mushalpur area upto Indo-Bhutan border spontaneously joined the rally as vehicles kept off the road and shop keepers kept their shutters down at Mushalpur, Nikashi and adjoining areas.

The rally was followed by a series of protests including gherao of Barbari police station on February 24. About 20 representatives from pubic placed 3 demands to be sent to the government which includes-putting an end to the extortions by NDFB, providing livelihood to NDFB cadres and early solution of NDFB issue through dialogue. Addressing the rally the Baksa DC and SP appealed to the public to maintain calm and to defy the extortions bids with united efforts by joining hands with the administration. The public, was, however infuriated with the administration for its failure in persuading the NDFB leaders to attend the meeting as per earlier assurance and warned the administration of carrying out the protests unless NDFB leaders assured the public of shunning off the practice. It is to be noted that extortions are going on in Baksa district despite the assurance of the district administration to check them.
Myanmar traders in town to discuss border trade The Imphal Free Press

IMPHAL, Mar 1: For the first time in the 12 years of Indo-Myanmar trade relations, a 32-member Myanmar Trade Delegations team is visiting Manipur. The officials and traders of Myanmar reached Imphal yesterday. Today they attended a day-long interaction programme at the conference hall of the State Guest House with a view to promote the border trade.

Speaking at the interaction programme, U Aye Ko secretary of Union of Myanmar Border Traders Chamber of Commerce said that between April 2006 and January 2007, there were 76 days of disturbances to border trade with Manipur. He said that if the disturbances are frequent, traders on the other side of the border would have to opt for other more lucrative trading points. He warned that border trade should not be neglected.

He also highlighted some of the proposals that were made in regard to border trade. Included among these were proposals to choose Manipur, Assam and Mizoram as partners for border trade, to increase the number of exchangeable items from 22, etc. U Hla Maung, president Union of Myanmar Federation of Chamber of Commerce said that the delegations` visit aimed to promote Indo-Myanmar trade by focusing on development of border trade and across border trade.

State Commerce and Industries principal secretary PC Lawmkunga, Commerce and Industries director Dhiraj Yumnam and Indo-Myanmar Border Traders` Union president W Nabachandra were the chief guest, guest of honour and president respectively. The chief guest informed that Moreh has been identified as one of the four most important border trade centres of the country. Consequently, he stressed the need to promote trade and relation through mutual understanding and cooperation. Lawmkunga said that since the opening in 1995, this border trade has seen many ups and downs and the prolonged problems of insurgency in North-East made border trade difficult. The principal secretary said that the government of India as well as Manipur are making efforts to keep the border trade alive and thriving. In the presidential address, Nabachandra said that the interaction will discuss threadbare the hindrances faced by the traders. He was of the opinion that the frequent bandh and blockade in Manipur is the main hindrance to flourishing foreign trade. He said that without the support of banks and other financial institutions, the Indo-Myanmar trade is employing nearly 15% of Manipur`s educated youths directly or indirectly.
Before leaving Imphal, the 32-member delegations will call upon the Dr SS Sidhu, Governor of Manipur and Jarnail Singh, chief secretary. The interaction is being organised by Indo-Myanmar Border Traders` Union in association with Department of Commerce and Industries, Government of Manipur.

While in police custody, ISI men call mentors in B’desh By a Staff Reporter Sentinel
GUWAHATI, Mar 1: In a shocking incident, the callous attitude on part of the Assam Police while dealing with the arrested ISI agents has come to the light today. It seems that suspected ISI agents maintain contact with their mentors in Bangladesh even when they are under the custody of the Assam Police.
Altogether five suspected ISI agents had been arrested by Panbazar Police way back in 1999. One of them, Nurul Amin, escaped from the Guwahati Medical College and Hospital while he was under treatment there a few months back. However, the rest of the arrested ISI agents are still under the police custody.
Two of the arrested ISI agents were seen ringing up somebody from a PCO when the police brought them to produce them in the special TADA court here today. According to PCO record, the arrested militants rang up a Bangladesh telephone number (008801 712186106) and a mobile number 09232514114. When a photographer of a television channel was capturing the scene at the PCO, the two ISI agents, namely Billal Mian and Akram Ali, became furious and chased the photographer. Astonishingly, only a handful of police personnel were deputed to bring the ISI agents to the court and even without any handcuff, thus causing a serious security lapse. Apart from that, the question raised by the PCO incident is: on what ground did the police allow free access to the arrested persons to make a telephone call from a public booth?
When contacted by The Sentinel, Senior Superintendent of Police SN Singh said he has come to know of the incident, but an inquiry into the matter will be conducted only after receiving the official report from the police station concerned.
ISI circulating fake notes in Asom, M’laya By a Staff Reporter Sentinel
GUWAHATI, March 1: Fake notes amounting to crores of rupees have been transported to Asom and Meghalaya in the second week of February. Intelligence sources have alerted both the States on the matter, and said that the ISI was behind the circulation of fake notes.
It may be recalled here that the Meghalaya Police on February 25 appealed to all citizens to inform it of any activities on fake circulation. Simultaneously, the Assam Police also launched a massive operation against the fake currency racket. A senior police officer said that following this operation on February 28, fake notes amounting to Rs 39,500 were seized and two persons were arrested in this regard. The two youths from Udalguri and Goreswar were carrying fake currencies to the city. Sources said that the ISI activists chennelized the fake currencies to Karimganj, Dhemaji, Lakhimpur, Goalpara, Goreswar etc. Besides, the ISI has motivated local youths by providing fake mints for minting fake notes in areas like Dhemaji and Lakhimpur.
ULFA demands plebiscite Sentinel
GUWAHATI: The ULFA today said that a plebiscite was the need of the hour for a peaceful political settlement of Asom’s problems. In the latest issue of its mouthpiece Freedom, the banned organization said that though it was ready for direct talks with the Central Government, they were not the sole instrument to solve the problems. A plebiscite could be held to resolve the long-pending issue. “If the Indian Government desires, they can hold a plebiscite and accept the democratic verdict of the people for a peaceful solution,” the editorial said.
The ULFA had hoped that after the withdrawal of the boycott call of the National Games, Chief Minister Tarun Gogoi would return the goodwill gesture by urging the Centre to hold talks with the ULFA. The Chief Minister instead said in the State Assembly that there would be no talks on the issue of sovereignty while the Centre gave a statement in Parliament that there was no formal proposal for direct talks from the ULFA. PTI